In the context of Industrial Control Systems (ICS), what is the primary purpose of a Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) system?

The primary purpose of a Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) system is to monitor and control processes in real time. SCADA systems play a critical role in various industrial sectors, including energy, water management, manufacturing, and transportation. They collect data from sensors and devices located in the field, which allows operators to oversee operations, respond to conditions promptly, and make informed decisions.

Real-time monitoring facilitates immediate awareness of system performance, potential issues, and alarms. This capability is essential for maintaining efficiency, safety, and stability in operations. By enabling operators to control processes directly from a centralized location, SCADA systems help to streamline operations and enhance decision-making, thereby reducing risks and improving overall system reliability.

While aspects such as connecting users to the internet, securely storing data, and creating backup copies of data are important components of overall cybersecurity and data management strategies, they do not capture the fundamental operational focus of SCADA systems in the context of Industrial Control Systems. Thus, the emphasis on monitoring and controlling processes in real time distinguishes the core function of SCADA from the other options.